2C:33-14 Interference with transportation.

2C:33-14  Interference with transportation.
 
 a. Interference with Transportation. A person is guilty of interference with transportation if the person purposely or knowingly: 

(1)casts, shoots or throws anything at, against or into any vehicle, including, but not limited to, a bus, light rail vehicle, railroad locomotive, railroad car, jitney, trolley car, subway car, ferry, airplane, or other facility of transportation; or

(2)casts, shoots, throws or otherwise places any stick, stone, object or other substance upon any street railway track, trolley track or railroad track; or

(3)endangers or obstructs the safe operation of motor vehicles by casting, shooting, throwing or otherwise placing any stick, stone, object or other substance upon any highway or roadway; or

(4)unlawfully climbs into or upon any light rail vehicle, railroad locomotive or railroad car, either in motion or standing on the track of any railroad company in this State; or 

(5)unlawfully disrupts, delays or prevents the operation of any vehicle, including, but not limited to, a bus, light rail vehicle, railroad locomotive, train, bus, jitney, trolley, subway, airplane or any other facility of transportation.  The term "unlawfully disrupts, delays or prevents the operation of" does not include non-violent conduct growing out of a labor dispute as defined in N.J.S.2A:15-58; or

(6)endangers or obstructs the safe operation of motor vehicles by using a traffic control preemption device to interfere with or impair the operation of a traffic control signal as defined in R.S.39:1-1; or

(7) shines, points or focuses a laser lighting device beam, directly or indirectly, upon a person operating any vehicle, including, but not limited to, a bus, light rail vehicle, railroad locomotive, railroad car, jitney, trolley car, subway car, ferry, airplane, or other facility of transportation.  As used in this paragraph, "laser lighting device" means a device which emits a laser beam that is designed to be used by the operator as a pointer or highlighter to indicate, mark or identify a specific position, place, item or object.  

As used in this subsection, "traffic control preemption device" means an infrared transmitter or other device which transmits an infrared beam, radio wave or other signal designed to change, alter, or disrupt in any manner the normal operation of a traffic control signal. 

b.Interference with transportation is a disorderly persons offense. 

c.Interference with transportation is a crime of the fourth degree if the person purposely, knowingly or recklessly causes bodily injury to another person or causes pecuniary loss in excess of $500 but less than $2,000. 

d.Interference with transportation is a crime of the third degree if the person purposely, knowingly or recklessly causes significant bodily injury to another person or causes pecuniary loss of $2,000 or more, or if the person purposely or knowingly creates a risk of significant bodily injury to another person. 

e.Interference with transportation is a crime of the second degree if the person purposely, knowingly or recklessly causes serious bodily injury to another person. 

SAMPLE VERDICT SHEETS FOR CRIMINAL CASES

 SAMPLE VERDICT SHEETS FOR CRIMINAL CASES 

The Supreme Court Committee on Model Criminal Jury Charges has developed the following sample verdict sheets. These sample verdict sheets are available for downloading from the Judiciary’s Internet website at http://www.judiciary.state.nj.us/criminal/verdicts/sample_verdict_indx.pdf, and, for quick reference, under the “Quick Site Index” tab located on the left side of the web page. It should be stressed that these are intended as samples only and will need to be reviewed and adapted to the facts of the particular case. 

1. Aggravated Assault on Law Enforcement Officer 

2. Aggravated Assault- Serious Bodily Injury and Lesser Offenses 

3. Aggravated Assault - Serious Bodily Injury and Lesser Offenses With Separate Attempt Questions 

4. Aggravated Assault - Significant Bodily Injury and Lesser Offense 

5. Aggravated Assault - Significant Bodily Injury and Lesser Offense With 

Separate Attempt Questions 

6. Aggravated Sexual Assault/Sexual Assault/Endangering Welfare of a Child 

7. Burglary/Criminal Trespass 

8. Conspiracy to Commit Aggravated Assault 

9. Criminal Restraint/False Imprisonment 

10. Eluding/Resisting Arrest 

11. Hindering One’s Own Apprehension or Prosecution 

12. Kidnapping/Criminal Restraint/False Imprisonment 

13. Kidnapping of a Child Under 16 

14. Murder/Affirmative Defense – Duress 

15. Murder/Insanity 

16. Possession of CDS-Cocaine/Distribute 

17. Possession of CDS-Heroin/Distribute/School Zone 

18. Possession of CDS-Marijuana/Distribute 

19. Resisting Arrest 

20. Robbery/Theft 

21. Sexual Assault/Criminal Sexual Contact 

22. Terroristic Threats/Harassment 

23. Unlawful Use of Body Vest 

Additional sample verdict sheets will be posted as the Committee develops them. 

Probation in NJ - max 5 years 2C:45-1 Conditions of suspension or probation.

Probation in NJ - max 5 years 2C:45-1   Conditions of suspension or probation.
 

a.When the court suspends the imposition of sentence on a person who has been convicted of an offense or sentences him to be placed on probation, it shall attach such reasonable conditions, authorized by this section, as it deems necessary to insure that he will lead a law-abiding life or is likely to assist him to do so. These conditions may be set forth in a set of standardized conditions promulgated by the county probation department and approved by the court.

b.The court, as a condition of its order, may require the defendant:

(1)To support his dependents and meet his family responsibilities;

(2)To find and continue in gainful employment;

(3)To undergo available medical or psychiatric treatment and to enter and remain in a specified institution, when required for that purpose;

(4)To pursue a prescribed secular course of study or vocational training;

(5)To attend or reside in a facility established for the instruction, recreation or residence of persons on probation;

(6)To refrain from frequenting unlawful or disreputable places or consorting with disreputable persons;

(7)Not to have in his possession any firearm or other dangerous weapon unless granted written permission;

(8)(Deleted by amendment, P.L.1991, c.329);

(9)To remain within the jurisdiction of the court and to notify the court or the probation officer of any change in his address or his employment;

(10) To report as directed to the court or the probation officer, to permit the officer to visit his home, and to answer all reasonable inquiries by the probation officer;

(11) To pay a fine;

(12) To satisfy any other conditions reasonably related to the rehabilitation of the defendant and not unduly restrictive of his liberty or incompatible with his freedom of conscience;

(13) To require the performance of community-related service; and

(14) To be subject to Internet access conditions pursuant to paragraph (2) of subsection d. of this section.

In addition to any condition of probation, the court may enter an order prohibiting a defendant who is convicted of a sex offense from having any contact with the victim including, but not limited to, entering the victim's residence, place of employment or business, or school, and from harassing or stalking the victim or victim's relatives in any way, and may order other protective relief as provided in section 2 of P.L.2007, c.133 (C.2C:14-12).

c.The court, as a condition of its order, shall require the defendant to pay any assessments required by section 2 of P.L.1979, c.396 (C.2C:43-3.1) and shall, consistent with the applicable provisions of N.J.S.2C:43-3, N.J.S.2C:43-4 and N.J.S.2C:44-2 or section 1 of P.L.1983, c.411 (C.2C:43-2.1) require the defendant to make restitution.

d.(1) In addition to any condition imposed pursuant to subsection b. or c., the court shall order a person placed on probation to pay a fee, not exceeding $25.00 per month for the probationary term, to probation services for use by the State, except as provided in subsection g. of this section.  This fee may be waived in cases of indigency upon application by the chief probation officer to the sentencing court.

(2)In addition to any conditions imposed pursuant to subsection b. or c., the court may order a person who has been convicted  or adjudicated delinquent  of a sex offense as defined in subsection b. of section 2 of P.L.1994, c.133 (C.2C:7-2), and who is required to register as provided in subsections c. and d. of section 2 of P.L.1994, c.133 (C.2C:7-2),  or who has been convicted  or adjudicated delinquent  for a violation of N.J.S.2C:34-3 to be subject to any of the following Internet access conditions:

(a)Prohibit the person from accessing or using a computer or any other device with Internet capability without the prior written approval of the court, except  the person may use a computer or any other device with Internet capability in connection with that person's employment or search for employment with the prior approval of the person's probation  officer;

(b)Require the person to submit to periodic unannounced examinations of the person's computer or any other device with Internet capability by a probation officer,  law enforcement officer or assigned computer or information technology specialist, including the retrieval and copying of all data from the computer or device and any internal or external peripherals and removal of such information, equipment or device to conduct a more thorough inspection;

(c)Require the person to submit to the installation on the person's computer or device with Internet capability, at the person's expense, one or more hardware or software systems to monitor the Internet use; and

(d)Require the person to submit to any other appropriate restrictions concerning the person's use or access of a computer or any other device with Internet capability.

e.When the court sentences a person who has been convicted of a crime to be placed on probation, it may require him to serve a term of imprisonment not exceeding 364 days as an additional condition of its order.  When the court sentences a person convicted of a disorderly persons offense to be placed on probation, it may require him to serve a term of imprisonment not exceeding 90 days as an additional condition of its order.  In imposing a term of imprisonment pursuant to this subsection, the sentencing court shall specifically place on the record the reasons which justify the sentence imposed.  The term of imprisonment imposed hereunder shall be treated as part of the sentence, and in the event of a sentence of imprisonment upon the revocation of probation, the term of imprisonment served hereunder shall be credited toward service of such subsequent sentence.  A term of imprisonment imposed under this section shall be governed by the "Parole Act of 1979," P.L.1979, c.441 (C.30:4-123.45 et al.).

Whenever a person is serving a term of parole as a result of a sentence of incarceration imposed as a condition of probation, supervision over that person shall be maintained pursuant to the provisions of the law governing parole.  Upon termination of the period of parole supervision provided by law, the county probation department shall assume responsibility for supervision of the person under sentence of probation.  Nothing contained in this section shall prevent the sentencing court from at any time proceeding under the provisions of this chapter against any person for a violation of probation. 

f.The defendant shall be given a copy of the terms of his probation or suspension of sentence and any requirements imposed pursuant to this section, stated with sufficient specificity to enable him to guide himself accordingly. The defendant shall acknowledge, in writing, his receipt of these documents and his consent to their terms.

g.Of the moneys collected under the provisions of subsection d. of this section, $15.00 of each monthly fee collected before January 1, 1995 shall be deposited in the temporary reserve fund created by section 25 of P.L.1993, c.275, and $10.00 of each shall be deposited into a "Community Service Supervision Fund" which shall be established by each county.  The moneys in the "Community Service Supervision Fund" shall be expended only in accordance with the provisions of State law as shall be enacted to provide for expenditures from this fund for the purpose of supervising and monitoring probationers performing community service to ensure, by whatever means necessary and appropriate, that probationers are performing the community service ordered by the court and that the performance is in the manner and under the terms ordered by the court.

Amended 1979, c.178, s.98; 1979, c.180, s.1; 1983, c.124, s.2; 1991, c.329, s.8; 1993, c.275, s.16; 2007, c.133, s.4; 2007, c.219, s.4. 2C:45-2  Period of suspension or probation; modification of conditions; discharge of defendant. 
2C:45-2.  Period of Suspension or Probation; Modification of Conditions; Discharge of Defendant

a.When the court has suspended imposition of sentence or has sentenced a defendant to be placed on probation, the period of the suspension shall be fixed by the court at not to exceed the maximum term which could have been imposed or more than 5 years whichever is lesser. The period of probation shall be fixed by the court at not less than 1 year nor more than 5 years. The court, on application of a probation officer or of the defendant, or on its own motion, may discharge the defendant at any time. 

b.During the period of the suspension or probation, the court, on application of a probation officer or of the defendant, or on its own motion, may (1) modify the requirements imposed on the defendants; or (2) add further requirements authorized by N.J.S.2C:45-1.  The court shall eliminate any requirement that imposes an unreasonable burden on the defendant. 

c.Upon the termination of the period of suspension or probation or the earlier discharge of the defendant, the defendant shall be relieved of any obligations imposed by the order of the court and shall have satisfied his sentence for the offense unless the defendant has failed: 

(1)to fulfill conditions imposed pursuant to paragraph b. (11) of N.J.S.2C:45-1, in which event the court may order that the probationary period be extended for an additional period not to exceed that authorized by subsection a. of this section; or 

(2)to fulfill the conditions imposed pursuant to subsection c. of N.J.S.2C:45-1, in which event the court shall order that the probationary period be extended for an additional period not to exceed that authorized by subsection a. of this section. 

The extension may be entered by the court without the defendant's personal appearance if the defendant agrees to the extension. 

Notwithstanding any provision in this section to the contrary, any order of the court prohibiting contact with a victim imposed on a defendant convicted of a sex offense shall continue in effect following the termination of probation supervision until further order of the court.

Amended 1979, c.180, s.2; 1991, c.329, s.9; 2007, c.133, s.5. 2C:45-3.  Summons or arrest of defendant under suspended sentence or on probation;  commitment without bail;  revocation and resentence    a.  At any time before the discharge of the defendant or the termination of  the period of suspension or probation:

    (1) The court may summon the defendant to appear before it or may issue a warrant for his arrest;

    (2) A probation officer or peace officer, upon request of the chief probation officer or otherwise having probable cause to believe that the defendant has failed to comply with a requirement imposed as a condition of the  order or that he has committed another offense, may arrest him without a warrant;

    (3) The court, if there is probable cause to believe that the defendant has  committed another offense or if he has been held to answer therefor, may commit  him without bail, pending a determination of the charge by the court having  jurisdiction thereof;

    (4) The court, if satisfied that the defendant has inexcusably failed to comply with a substantial requirement imposed as a condition of the order or if  he has been convicted of another offense, may revoke the suspension or probation and sentence or resentence the defendant, as provided in this section.  No revocation of suspension or probation shall be based on failure to  pay a fine or make restitution, unless the failure was willful.

    b.  When the court revokes a suspension or probation, it may impose on the defendant any sentence that might have been imposed originally for the offense of which he was convicted.

    c.  The commencement of a probation revocation proceeding shall toll the probationary period until termination of such proceedings.  In the event that the court does not find a violation of probation, this subsection shall not operate to toll the probationary period.